Ships adopt DIY defenses as Black Sea drone attacks surge

Source date: 2 September 2026. This is a background article based on reports up to that date; later developments are not covered.

Ships transiting through the Bosphorus strait have resorted to DIY defenses such as nets, water tanks, and tyres in an effort to ward off growing Russian and Ukrainian drone strikes. This development highlights a significant escalation in attacks on commercial ships and port infrastructure since July, when Russia intensified its missile and drone campaign against Ukrainian grain export hubs.

Drone Strikes and Ship Defenses

The increasing frequency of drone attacks prompted ship operators to adopt unconventional measures. According to security experts, video footage obtained by Reuters shows the Caruzo, a Sierra Leone-flagged crude oil tanker, passing through the Bosphorus with water tanks dangling around its stern on August 11. Similarly, Khrizopraz, a Russian-flagged crude oil tanker, had tyres hanging over its hull when it passed on August 27.

These methods are part of a broader trend where ships are using water-filled containers and nets—commonly known as 'cope cages'—to protect the ship's superstructure from explosive drones. Corey Ranslem, CEO of maritime security group Dryad Global, stated that these tools can be effective for smaller types of drones but may not hold up against larger military drones.

Operational Impact and Challenges

The scale of attacks has increased sharply, with several ships arriving heavily damaged at the Bosphorus in recent weeks. The Liberian-flagged bulk carrier Great Ocean is among those that have been targeted, requiring escort by coast guard boats. While these DIY defenses offer some protection, they may not be sufficient against advanced drone technology.

Ukraine has stepped up attacks on ships and infrastructure facilitating Russian oil and grain exports since July 2026, following Russia’s intensified missile and drone strikes on main Ukrainian grain export hubs such as Odesa, Chornomorsk, and Pivdennyi. This strategy not only targets commercial vessels but also aims to disrupt global supply chains.

Effectiveness of Measures in Question

The measures adopted by ships are seen as makeshift solutions. Ranslem noted that while cope cages can be effective for smaller drones, they may fail against larger military drones with significant payloads. Other maritime specialists also questioned the efficacy of such methods in preventing damage from rapid remote-controlled naval drones or large explosive payloads.

Corey Ranslem added: "These tools can be effective for some of the smaller types of drones but when you look at the bigger military types of drones these tools may not be as effective, or in some cases, effective at all." This statement underscores the limitations of current countermeasures and highlights the need for more robust protection mechanisms.

What this means for operators

The increasing risk of drone attacks poses significant challenges for ship operators. To mitigate potential damage, ships are adopting these DIY defenses, but their effectiveness is uncertain. Operators must carefully evaluate the risks and implement comprehensive safety measures to protect their vessels. This includes staying informed about the latest security developments and considering additional countermeasures such as advanced radar systems or temporary rerouting strategies.

The situation in the Black Sea continues to evolve, with ongoing attacks and potential further escalations from both Russia and Ukraine. Ship operators must remain vigilant and adapt their safety protocols accordingly to ensure the safe transit of goods through one of the world's busiest shipping routes.

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